How stamp duty is charged
Stamp duty is a state tax on the transfer of property, paid before the sale deed is registered. It is one of the largest single costs in a purchase, it varies widely between states, and it is almost never financed by your home loan.
Charged on the higher of two values
Duty is calculated on the agreement value or the government’s circle rate — also called the ready reckoner or guidance value — whichever is higher. Buying below the circle rate does not reduce your duty, and it can also create an income tax issue for both parties.
Because circle rates are revised periodically and vary street by street, always verify the applicable rate for the exact locality before budgeting.
Rates differ by state, and sometimes by buyer
Stamp duty across Indian states commonly falls between 4% and 8% of the chargeable value. Several states charge women buyers a lower rate, and some add a metro cess or local body tax on top of the headline figure.
Joint ownership with a woman co-owner can therefore reduce the duty where such a concession exists. The exact treatment depends on state rules and the share held.
What stamp duty is not
Registration charges are separate, typically around 1% of value, and are payable in addition. Where you take a home loan, some states also levy stamp duty on the mortgage deed itself.
None of these are usually included in the financed amount, so treat the whole package as cash you must have available at registration.
Deductions and record-keeping
Stamp duty and registration charges on a house purchase have historically been eligible for deduction under section 80C in the year they are paid, within the overall 80C ceiling and only under the old tax regime.
Keep the receipts regardless. Stamp duty paid also forms part of your cost of acquisition, which reduces the capital gain when you eventually sell.
Duty on a ₹80 lakh property
- Agreement value
- ₹80,00,000
- Circle rate value
- Use whichever is higher
- Stamp duty at 5%
- ₹4,00,000
- Stamp duty at 6%
- ₹4,80,000
- Registration at 1%
- ₹80,000
- Typical total
- ₹4.8-5.6 lakh
A single percentage point of duty is ₹80,000 on this purchase. Checking the applicable state rate, any concession for women buyers, and the correct circle rate is worth real money.
